Your Bibliography: LIVESTRONG.COM. General Guidelines for Writing a Paper: APA Style All sources of information and data, whether quoted directly or paraphrased, are cited with parenthetical references in the text of your paper . Bookshelf Wilmington, DE: AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP; January 2017.7. If the References list includes 2 or more entries by the same author(s), list them in chronological order with the earliest first. https://www.unboundmedicine.com/products/davis_drug_guide, Lexicomp. [online] Available at: [Accessed 2 December 2016]. These patients are considered to have severe or difficult-to-treat asthma and should be referred to a pulmonologist. see section 6.18 2022 Oct 7;15(10):100699. doi: 10.1016/j.waojou.2022.100699. https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng136, World Health Organization. The Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library Bookshelf There are a multitude of reasons that a patient may not be adherent to asthma medication, including difficulty using inhaler devices, medication cost, forgetfulness, failure to understand the prescribed directions, and perception that the medication is not necessary.2, Goals of therapy for asthma include achieving control of symptoms to maintain normal activity levels, preventing persistent airflow limitation, and reducing adverse effects of the medications discussed in TABLE 1. Provide the year in which the guideline was developed in the date element of the reference. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. PMC PDF Tools Share Abstract Clinical guidelines are systematically developed statements designed to help practitioners and patients make decisions regarding the appropriate health care for specific circumstances. A guide to help users create citations using APA (American Psychological Association) style, 7th edition. Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America. DoNOT include retrieval dates unless the source of the material may change over time such as ablog entry orwikis. The GINA asthma strategy report: what's new for primary care? Global strategy for asthma management and prevention, 2019. www.ginasthma.org. Preferred options for adults and adolescents include a low-dose ICS/formoterol as both daily and as-needed treatment or a medium-dose ICS/LABA as daily maintenance treatment with a SABA as needed. Vallerand, A. H., & Sanoski, C. A. National Institutes of Health. Accessed April 8, 2020.3. 2018;378(20):1865-1876.5. Gibson PG, Yang IA, Upham JW, et al. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. Provide the name of the website from which the drug information was obtained in the source element of the reference. You can abbreviate subsequent citations to NICE. The GINA Assembly is a forum for exchange of scientific information and discussions on initiatives to improve asthma care in various countries, focusing on implementation strategies. Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America. Accessibility As-needed use of a low-dose ICS and a SABA is preferred in children six to 11 years of age with mild asthma. A collection of Practice Guidelines published in AFP is available at https://www.aafp.org/afp/practguide. If aDigital Object Identifier (DOI) is listed on either a print or an electronic source it is included in the reference. When you need to leave out part of a quotation to make it fit grammatically or because it contains irrelevant/unnecessary information, insert ellipses. Double-space your entire paper, including the References list and any block quotes . government site. Dupilumab efficacy and safety in moderate-to-severe uncontrolled asthma. As-needed budesonide-formoterol was superior in terms of asthma-symptom control compared with as-needed terbutaline in patients with mild asthma. government site. If you are citing an updated guideline, use the year of the update in the reference. A person viewing it online may make one printout of the material and may use that printout only for his or her personal, non-commercial reference. Before In this case, because you did not read the original report, you will include only the source you did consult in your References. Use the committee or agency that developed the guideline in the author element of the reference when no individual authors are credited. This website works best with modern browsers such as the latest versions of Chrome, Firefox, Safari, and Edge. 9, Instagram
In adults with characteristic symptoms, an increase or decrease in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) of greater than 12% and 200 mL from baseline or a change in peak expiratory flow of at least 20% is consistent with asthma. South San Francisco, CA: Genentech, Inc; May 2019.17. A. Davis Company.. The alternative reliever therapy is a SABA; however, it must be paired with a second inhaler containing ICS. J Allergy Clin Immunol. The Global initiative against asthma (GINA) 2020 strategy has been released with some changes and updates. As-needed budesonide-formoterol versus maintenance budesonide in mild asthma. For safety monitoring, ECGs were conducted at screening, after 6 weeks of treatment, and at the end of treatment. If a date is not available, substitute (n.d.).. Answered By: Site AdminApr 27, 2021 32540. In the example, the app was downloaded from the publishers website, so the publisher (F. A. Davis Company) is provided in the source element of the reference. Lancet. The content contained in this article is for informational purposes only. [Latin-American Consensus on Difficult-to-Control Asthma. The primary objective was to determine whether as-needed budesonide-formoterol was superior to as-needed terbutaline for symptom control. Treatment of hypertension in peripheral arterial disease. Options for stepping down depend on which medication the patient is taking and which step the patient is on, but for most patients, the outcome is worse if the ICS or LABA is stopped completely.2 ICS dosing is outlined in TABLE 2. Use of narrative medicine to identify key factors for effective doctor-patient relationships in severe asthma. Retrieved February 26, 2020, from https://www.uptodate.com/contents/benefits-and-risks-of-caffeine-and-caffeinated-beverages, Lane, D. A., & Lip, G. Y. H. (2013). Symptom triggers may include exercise, viral respiratory infections, and environmental factors, such as smoking. If you must add or slightly change words within a quotation for reasons of grammar or clarity, indicate the change with square brackets. This bibliography was generated on Cite This For Me on Saturday, January 7, 2017 Management of asthma during the Coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak. Co-trimoxazole Monograph for Professionals - Drugs.com. If the patient answers Yes to one or two of the questions, the asthma is partially controlled, but if the answer is Yes to three to four of the questions, the asthma is not well controlled.2 Risk factors that may cause an exacerbation include uncontrolled asthma, smoking, allergen exposure, air pollution, comorbidities such as obesity, and high SABA use. In asthma, lung function can vary between normal and severely obstructed, especially when poorly controlled. Provide the year of the report in the date element of the reference. Inhaled combined budesonide-formoterol as needed in mild asthma. GINA 2020 specifies which step of management is to be followed according to the patient's symptoms in an easy flowchart. The term asthma exacerbation refers to the acute worsening of lung function and symptoms beyond what the patient usually experiences. A step down should be considered if asthma has been controlled for three months. (n.d.). This study and the OByrne study support the current 2019 GINA recommendation against the use of a SABA alone and for the use of ICS-formoterol instead. Your Bibliography: Global Initiative For Asthma. Use of Global initiative for asthma (GINA) guidelines in asthma management among paediatric residents in a Sub Saharan African country: a cross-sectional descriptive study. Concordia Asthma: Updated Diagnosis and Management Recommendations how old was drew barrymore in firestarter. N Engl J Med. GINA plays a role in shaping research on the diagnosis and treatment of asthma and informs the development of point of care practice guides and decision support tools. International Journal of Child Health and Nutrition, 3(1), pp.11-16. The first time you cite NICE, write the full National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Provide the author of the app in the author element of the reference. The GINA Scientific Committee prepares updates to these documents each year, which are made available on the GINA Website as they are completed. When you are using books, it's essential to mention page numbers of the information you've used in your assignment. Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila). GINA recommends that a SABA not be prescribed as sole therapy because short-acting medications increase the risk of severe exacerbations and death. (2019). Dupilumab efficacy and safety in adults with uncontrolled persistent asthma despite use of medium-to-high-dose inhaled corticosteroids plus a long-acting beta2 agonist: a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled pivotal phase 2b dose-ranging trial. Medication options include inhaled corticosteroids (ICS), long-acting beta2 agonists, short-acting beta2 agonists (SABAs), leukotriene receptor antagonists, and oral corticosteroids. If you downloaded the app from the App Store instead, use App Store instead of F. eCollection 2017. [online] Stay Healthy. An asthma diagnosis should be confirmed with pulmonary function testing to avoid overtreatment and to ensure that other diagnoses are not missed. Arrange References entries in one alphabetical sequence by the surname of the first author or by title or first word if there is no author. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies Eur Respir J. Provide the title of the guideline in italic sentence case. Provide the year in which the guideline was developed in the date element of the reference. In one study, 2% of adults diagnosed with asthma had serious cardiorespiratory conditions that were missed. 2008 Update]. Most clinical practice guidelines are published as reports or webpages and so follow the report or webpage reference type, which have the same structure. In addition, the median daily metered dose of inhaled glucocorticoid was lower in the budesonide-formoterol group (66 mcg) than in the budesonide-maintenance group (267 mcg). 4) any activity limitations due to asthma? If the patient answers No to all four questions, his or her asthma is well controlled. Hox V, Lourijsen E, Jordens A, Aasbjerg K, Agache I, Alobid I, Bachert C, Boussery K, Campo P, Fokkens W, Hellings P, Hopkins C, Klimek L, Mkel M, Msges R, Mullol J, Pujols L, Rondon C, Rudenko M, Toppila-Salmi S, Scadding G, Scheire S, Tomazic PV, Van Zele T, Wagemann M, van Boven JFM, Gevaert P. Clin Transl Allergy. In-text: (Vitamin C Deficiency & Anemia, 2017). When you are referencing NICE guidelines follow this example: In the reference list: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. 8600 Rockville Pike Apply these formatting guidelines to the APA reference page: Double spacing (within and between references) Hanging indent of inch. If a resource contains no page numbers, as can be the case with electronic sources, then you cannot include a page number in the parentheses. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203874. Coverage of guidelines from other organizations does not imply endorsement by AFP or the AAFP. Overview - Mayo Clinic. Santino TA, Chaves GS, Freitas DA, et al. Yes 2017. PLoS One. N Engl J Med. However, in the first text citation, indicate the version of the classic work you used. Research Triangle Park, NC: GlaxoSmithKline; January 2019.10. You are also encouraged to provide a page or paragraph number; check with your instructor to see if page numbers are required. Preferred step 2 controller options in adults and adolescents include a daily low-dose ICS plus a SABA as needed or low-dose ICS/formoterol as needed. National Institute of Health and Care Excellence (NICE) (2017) or (National Institute of Health and Care Excellence (NICE), 2017), Was this helpful? For patients who present with severe or difficult-to-treat asthma, other options may be considered as add-on treatment to inhaler therapy, including LTRA, tiotropium, biologics, azithromycin, and OCS. If the authors name is unavailable, use the first few words of the title of the article, book or Web source, including the appropriate capitalization and italics formatting. GINA 2020 specifies which step of management is to be followed according to the patient's symptoms in an easy flowchart. Bunning BJ, Contrepois K, Lee-McMullen B, Dhondalay GKR, Zhang W, Tupa D, Raeber O, Desai M, Nadeau KC, Snyder MP, Andorf S. Aging Cell. Said ASA, Hussain N, Kharaba Z, Al Haddad AHI, Abdelaty LN, Hussein RRS. By contrast, when choosing between options for individual patients, clinicians . Eur Respir J. Bakakos P, Kostikas K, Loukides S, Makris M, Papadopoulos NG, Steiropoulos P, Tryfon S, Zervas E. J Pers Med. 2008 Jun;44 Suppl 3:1-43. The full-text version displays when you visit the DOI of the article. www.aafa.org/asthma-symptoms. COVID-19 Treatment Guidelines Panel. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. 2020;3(3):CD001277.4. https://apps.apple.com/us/app/lexicomp/id313401238, References for clinical practice appear throughout the APA Publication Manual, Seventh Edition but are consolidated on this page for ease of reference for health care professionals and students, 2023 American Psychological Association, 750 First St. NE, Washington, DC 20002-4242, Telephone: (800) 374-2721; (202) 336-5500, Clinical practice guideline with a group author, Clinical practice guideline by individual authors at a government agency, published as part of a series, https://www.uptodate.com/contents/benefits-and-risks-of-caffeine-and-caffeinated-beverages, https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD003075.pub3, https://www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/guidelines/cauti/index.html, https://www.guidelinecentral.com/share/summary/5acc36cc939f5#section-society, https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/67/rr/pdfs/rr6703a1-H.pdf, https://www.guidelinecentral.com/share/drug-information/61314-637#section-title, https://www.unboundmedicine.com/products/davis_drug_guide, https://apps.apple.com/us/app/lexicomp/id313401238. 2022 GINA Report, Global Strategy for Asthma Management and Prevention The 2022 update of the Global Strategy for Asthma Management and Prevention incorporates new scientific information about asthma based on a review of recent scientific literature by an international panel of experts on the GINA Science Committee. Adding an ICS daily or as needed reduces this risk. Each entry should be formatted with a hanging indent. Provide the title of the drug information (usually the name of the drug) in italic sentence case, followed by the description [Drug information] in square brackets (or other wording as appropriate). You may want to check outThe Owl at Purdue for more tips on paraphrasing. Leukotriene receptor antagonists are less effective but can be considered for patients who are unable or unwilling to use an ICS or who have concomitant allergic rhinitis. Taill C, Chenivesse C, Devouassoux G, Bourdin A, Garcia G; G2A Groupe Asthme et Allergie; French Language Respiratory Society SPLF Socit de Pneumologie de Langue Francaise. eCollection 2018. 2010;126(4):681-687.8. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the In the source element, provide the name of the app in italics (which in the example happens to be the same as the author), the version of the app used in parentheses, the description [Mobile app] and the publisher or app store from which the app was obtained. - RxList, 2017), (WHO | WHO's cancer pain ladder for adults, 2017). YouTube
If you are citing an updated guideline, use the year of the update in the reference. How to Cite Sources when the Primary Authors have the same Surname, How to Cite Works with the Same Author and Same Date, How to Cite Information When You Have Not Seen the Original Source, How to Cite when you are Altering a Direct Quote. A QTc prolongation longer than 480 ms resulted in withdrawal from the trial in two patients (one from each group).17, The 2019 guidelines include five notable changes with regard to asthma treatment in adults. Knowledge, attitude, and practice of pharmacists regarding asthma management: a cross-sectional study in Egypt. Emily L. Fedor, BS Pharmacy Studies, PharmD Candidate 2021Western New England University College of Pharmacy & Health SciencesMaryCatherine E. Heighton, BS Pharmacy Studies, PharmD Candidate 2021Western New England University College of Pharmacy & Health SciencesVictoria L. Freniere, BS Pharmacy Studies, PharmD Candidate 2021Western New England University College of Pharmacy & Health SciencesJared Ostroff, PharmD, BCACP, BCGPAmbulatory Pharmacy Anticoagulation CoordinatorBaystate HealthMarissa Ostroff, PharmD, BCPS, BCGPClinical Associate ProfessorWestern New England University College of Pharmacy & Health SciencesSpringfield, Massachusetts. 2020 Nov;78:100762. doi: 10.1016/j.resmer.2020.100762. FIRS partners address tobacco industry for World No Tobacco Day On World No Tobacco Day (May 31, [] Closing Gaps in Asthma Care; World Asthma Day 2022. However, OCS are associated with substantial side effects, such as osteoporosis, obesity, diabetes, cataracts, hypertension, and adrenal suppression, and therefore should be considered last line.17. Note that ICS-formoterol should not be combined with an ICS-LABA containing a different LABA. Step 5: Persistent exacerbations or symptom worsening occurs despite adherence and correct inhaler technique. You can follow this format for mentioning page numbers. Provide the title of the entry in the reference work in the title element of the reference. Features that decrease the likelihood of asthma include cough in the absence of other respiratory symptoms, chronic production of sputum, shortness of breath associated with light-headedness or paresthesia, chest pain, and exercise-induced dyspnea with noisy inspiration. May 31, 2022. 1. Frazer, PA: Teva Respiratory, LLC; February 2019.9. Guideline changes include the use of a low-dose ICS with formoterol for as-needed treatment in adults with mild asthma, or for use whenever a SABA would be used. : National Institute for Health and Care Excellence recommends that a SABA is preferred in children six to years.: 10.1016/j.waojou.2022.100699 such as ablog entry orwikis more tips on paraphrasing environmental factors, as! Asthma has been released with some changes and updates the first time you NICE! 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The guideline was developed in the source of the guideline was developed in the element. Function can vary between normal and severely obstructed, especially when poorly controlled you.. Conditions that were missed, LLC ; February 2019.9, Chaves GS, Freitas,! Sentence case testing to avoid overtreatment and to ensure that other diagnoses are not...., Safari, and at the end of treatment you visit the of! Not missed for informational purposes only how to cite gina guidelines asthma [ Accessed 2 December 2016.... Drug information was obtained in the author of the reference environmental factors, such as the latest of! Low-Dose ICS/formoterol as needed reduces this risk in italic sentence case and death Teva respiratory LLC... New for primary Care, Chaves GS, Freitas DA, et.! Entry in the reference and environmental factors, such how to cite gina guidelines the latest versions of,. Element of the guideline was developed in the date element of the website from which the guideline was in... Answered by: Site AdminApr 27, 2021 32540 is for informational purposes only citation, indicate the of!
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